Corrective Action
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Corrective action is a systematic process for eliminating the root cause of an identified problem to prevent recurrence.
Definition
Corrective action is a systematic process for identifying and eliminating the root cause of an existing problem or nonconformity to prevent recurrence. Unlike simple fixes that address symptoms, corrective action digs to root cause and implements permanent countermeasures. Formal corrective action processes (often called CAPA—Corrective and Preventive Action) are requirements in regulated industries and best practices elsewhere. Effective corrective action includes problem definition, root cause analysis, action implementation, and verification of effectiveness.
Examples
Customer complaints about scratched parts triggered corrective action. Investigation revealed handling during packaging as root cause. Corrective action: redesigned packaging with protective inserts and handling procedures. Verification: monitor complaints for three months, confirming zero recurrence.
Key Points
- Addresses root cause, not just symptoms
- Prevents recurrence of identified problems
- Process: define problem, analyze root cause, implement action, verify effectiveness
- Different from containment (immediate symptom response)
Common Misconceptions
Corrective action is fixing the immediate problem. Fixing the immediate problem is containment. Corrective action addresses root cause to prevent recurrence. Both are needed, but they're different activities.
One corrective action is always sufficient. Complex problems may have multiple root causes requiring multiple corrective actions. Verification must confirm all recurrence pathways are addressed.